γ-aminobutyric acid, also known as GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), is a biogenic amine of glutamic acid. GABA is also the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS).

Portal hypertension is when the pressure in the portal vein, the porta vein, is too high. The term portal hypertension is also used synonymously. The portal vein is responsible for the blood from the abdominal organs, such as the stomach, intestines and the

Carotid stenosis is the narrowing of the carotid artery, which supplies the brain with oxygen and nutrients. The disease is caused by debris in the artery. Carotid stenosis is one of the most common causes of stroke

Many people know the feeling of having an annoying lump in their throat. Often this feeling is accompanied by coughing and throat clearing, sometimes it also leads to a gag reflex. There are several causes of this throat tightness, besides organic

The internal thoracic artery is a smaller branch of the subclavian artery that supplies the chest with oxygenated blood. The arterial vessel plays a role as a transplant in procedures such as coronary bypass. Pathological

Many people are familiar with back pain, but it is often actually caused by pain in the buttocks. Since the pain can radiate, the original focus is often recognized late and then treated accordingly.

Patients suffering from anosmia have completely lost the ability to perceive smells. None of the more than 10,000 known possible variations of smells can no longer be perceived. The different forms of anosmia apply

Sacroiliac joint syndrome (ISG syndrome) refers to back pain that occurs in the lower back. The sacroiliac joint connects the hip bones with the sacrum by means of ligaments. Sacroiliac joint syndrome can occur in both boys

Endocrine orbitopathy is an inflammation caused by immunology. It mainly affects the orbital contents, but also affects the muscles of the eyes and eyelids. The therapy of the disease turns out to be difficult.

A gesture tells more than a thousand words, as the saying goes. Body language is the language of gestures, facial expressions and posture. It usually happens unconsciously and says a lot about us. Those who can correctly interpret non-verbal communication will find out

Lymphatic diathesis is not a disease, but a constitutional disposition that favors the development of certain diseases. This tendency is also known as lymphatism or exudative-lymphatic diathesis.

The cervical fascia consists of three distinct layers and a further fascia that envelops the most important parallel cervical arteries, the most important head and neck vein and the vagus nerve. Those composed of collagen and elastin